Please note that this is a preliminary version of the program, and events/sessions may be added, removed, modified or rescheduled
Monday, June 24
Monday, 10:30am - 11:45am in B 105
Strategy/International: BPS 1 Managing Globally: Disaggregation, Integration and Collaboration
EMERGING MARKET MULTINATIONALS LEARNING FROM COLLABORATION TO COMPETE
Ben L. Kedia, University of Memphis, USA Nolan Gaffney Jack Clampit, University of Memphis, USA
Using Resource Dependence Theory as a lens, we explore existing explanations of how and why Emerging Market Multinationals seek to compete internationally through Foreign Direct Investment. Whether these firms seek to exploit existing resources, seek to augment their resource base, or pursue a combination of both is reflected by their generic internationalization strategy. Furthermore, this generic strategy is also reflective of the firm’s strategic focus, as well as predictive of its entry mode and resulting resource dependence. A conceptual model is offered along with testable propositions.
GLOBAL, LOCAL, OR “GLOCAL” HRM PRACTICES: INDIAN IT (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) COMPANIES IN MEXICO
Pramila Rao, Marymount University, USA
This qualitative paper identifies the human resource management (HRM) practices of four leading Indian IT subsidiaries located in Mexico. This research adopts a qualitative case design approach to compare themes across multiple cases. The study was conducted with HRM leaders from Dec, 2011 through Aug, 2012. The GI-LR (global integration-local responsiveness) is the theoretical framework used to understand if HRM practices in these subsidiaries are globalized or localized. The results indicate that recruitment and compensation are the most localized, while performance appraisal and training practices are usually integrated.
TOWARD A SMARTER ENTERPRISE: DISAGGREGATION AND DISPERSION FOR INNOVATION AND EXCELLENCE
Senthil Kumar Muthusamy, Middle Georgia State College & University, USA Parshotam Dass, University of Manitoba, Canada
A constant challenge to large organizations as well as those pursuing the intent to grow bigger is how to sustain the innovative dynamism that ensured the success during their primary years. Managers and organizational theorists have been advocating an array of solutions to sustain the entrepreneurial dynamism. We trace the emergence of knowledge-centric enterprises that function as the “disaggregated and dispersed” organizations to implement business and corporate strategies. We contemplate the economic and managerial rationale for disaggregated organizational form, and discuss the significance of dispersion strategy in the context of market dynamism and uncertainty.
Monday, 10:30am - 11:45am in B 106
Org. Theory & Bhvr.: OB 3 Employee well being and Organizational Support
Facilitator: Sudhir K. Saha, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada
DOES COLLABORATIVE LEARNING INFLUENCE COMMITMENT? EXPLORING THE EMPLOYEE PERSPECTIVE
Kantha Dayaram, Curtin University, Australia Lucia Fung
This study employs a quantitative, empirical methodology to examine the potential contribution of collaborative learning to employees’ attitudinal commitment. It examines the influence of different dimensions of learning: individual, team, and organisational learning, and whether these impact the employees’ attitudinal commitment to the organisation. The current study hypothesises that relative to individual and team based learning, a collaborative organisational approach to learning will make the greatest contribution to attitudinal commitment. The implication of these findings will influence policies on human resource development and contribute to the theory by employing an employee lens to dissectthe impact of each dimension of learning.
THE MODERATING IMPACT OF FAMILY ROLE CONFIGURATIONS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACROSS DOMAIN SUPPORT AND WORK OUTCOMES
Scott L. Boyar, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA Xuan Huang Nuo Xu
This study examines the impact of across domain social support, work-family conflict (WFC) and job satisfaction, and explores the influence of family role allocations among these relationships. Family roles include breadwinner and caregiver. Direct effects were found for two types of support and on both WFC and job satisfaction. Additionally, results provided some evidence that family roles moderated the support-outcome relationship, particularly for caregivers. The research and practical implications, as well as limitations of this study are discussed.
THE TOO-MUCH-OF-A-GOOD-THING EFFECTS ON EMPLOYEE WELL-BEING
Jia Lin Xie, University of Toronto, Canada
This study explores whether job complexity and workload have a curvilinear relationship with employee well-being. We collected longitudinal data on job design, psychological well-being (anxiety, somatic symptoms, and emotional exhaustion), and physiological well-being (IgA, IgG, and cortisol) from 490 Chinese employees. The results show that job complexity and workload had a U-shaped curvilinear relationship with anxiety, somatic symptom, and emotional exhaustion. Job complexity had an inverted U-shaped relationship with IgG. Moreover, job complexity and workload positively predict immune functions. The findings cast light on the complexity of the relationship between job design and employee well-being.
Monday, 10:30am - 11:45am in B 107
Comp. Mgmt. & Policy: COMP 1 Comparative Management: Education, Health and Labor
Facilitator: Sarah Kovoor-Misra, University of Colorado Denver, USA
A THIRD LEAP FORWARD: CHINESE HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION POST-2010
Monika Lynne Hudson, University of San Francisco, USA
As part of an effort to enhance the cosmopolitan capacity of its people, in 2010, China officially adopted a ten year National Plan for Medium and Long-term Education Reform and Development. The plan targeted high school students and was designed to encourage optimism and independence among this segment of the population by supporting less hierarchical high school student-instructor interactions. This project asked Chinese-educated, post-high school students to provide impressions about the three outcome measures contained in the 2010 plan, revealing encouraging signs related to the implementation of the 2010 reforms.
CAN INBOUND AND DOMESTIC MEDICAL TOURISM IMPROVE YOUR BOTTOM-LINE? IDENTIFYING THE POTENTIAL OF A U.S. TOURISM MARKET
Myron Fottler, University of Central Florida, USA Donna Malvey, University of Central Florida, USA Yara Asi, University of Central Florida, USA Sarah Kirchner, Nemours Children's Hospital / University of Central Florida, USA Natalia Warren
Due to current economic conditions and the political uncertainties of health reform legislation, hospitals need to identify new sources of revenue. Two potentially untapped sources are in-bound (out-of-country) and domestic (out-of-state) medical tourism. This case study uses data from a large urban hospital system in the southeastern United States to quantify its potential market opportunities for medical tourism.These data allow the hospital system to move beyond anecdotal information and assess the relative market potential of various geographic areas and diagnostic services. Implications for how U.S. hospitals can manage both types of medical tourism are discussed.
JOB ATTRIBUTE PERCEPTIONS OF LOW-WAGE MEXICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN: A QUALITATIVE INVESTIGATION
Laura Guerrero, The University of Texas at El Paso, USA Richard Posthuma, University of Texas at El Paso, USA
We investigate the job attribute preferences of an understudied group: low-wage Mexican-American women. Qualitative analysis identified complex aspects of job attribute preferences of low-wage Mexican-American women, including family-related job attributes (positive and negative work-to-life spillover, and good working schedules), people-related job attributes (positive and negative aspects of relationships with co-workers and supervisor, and having the opportunity to help others), and extrinsic rewards job attributes (pay, number of hours worked, and budgeting). We make recommendations for employers of low-wage workers, including Mexican-American women. This paper contributes to our increased understanding of an understudied but increasingly important group of workers.
IDENTIFYING INTERNATIONALISATION PATTERNS OVER TIME: A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS
Jose C. Casillas, University of Seville, Spain Francisco J. Acedo
The traditional literature on the internationalisation process has widely accepted the existence of a sequential path in the international growth of firms. The aim of the present paper is twofold. First, we identify and describe different dynamic patterns concerning the international evolution of firms; and second, we identify what determines the selection of one pattern over another. This is carried out studying the changes that took place in some of the variables involved in the internationalisation process in 715 Spanish firms over a 4-year period.
INTERNATIONALIZATION-PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP IN A RECENTLY ADVANCED COUNTRY: TESTING THE HORIZONTAL S-SHAPED LINK
Diana Benito-Osorio, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Spain José Ángel Zúñiga-Vicente, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, SPAIN Luis Angel GUERRAS-MARTIN, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Spain
This study provides new insights into one of the most controversial issues in the field of international business studies, the shape of the internationalization-firm performance relationship. Data cover a sample composed primarily of small and medium-sized Spanish manufacturing firms over a period of 15 years. These firms record different degrees of internationalisation and, most importantly, belong to an economy that has recently attained the status of “advanced”, experiencing high growth rates over the timeframe considered. Results support the new 3-stage theory of international expansion that hypothesizes a horizontal S-shaped relationship. We use panel data models to control for non-observable heterogeneity.
NEW INSIGHTS INTO PRODUCT DIVERSIFICATION-FIRM PERFORMANCE LINK: EFFECTS OF INTERNATIONAL DIVERSIFICATION ON THE LINK BETWEEN PRIOR PRODUCT DIVERSIFICATION AND FIRM PERFORMANCE
Diana Benito-Osorio, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Spain José Ángel Zúñiga-Vicente, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, SPAIN Luis Angel GUERRAS-MARTIN, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Spain Alberto Colino, Nebrija University, Spain
This study explores the individual effects of product diversification on firm performance and the effects of international diversification on prior product diversification strategy-performance link. We theoretically posit and methodologically test that firm managers can implement one corporate strategy before the other. Data panel cover a sample of Spanish manufacturing firms (1994-2008). Results support an inverted-U shape product diversification-performance relationship. We also obtain some support for two essential assumptions: 1) internationalization can moderate the performance of firms that have previously implemented product diversification and 2) this moderating effect will depend on the specific product diversification strategy the firm has previously implemented.
Monday, 10:30am - 11:45am in B 109
Teaching: T 6 Experiential Exercise on Negotiation
Suzanne C. de Janasz, IMD, Switzerland Magid Mazen, Suffolk University, USA
While educators talk about integrative negotiations and engage students in role plays that encourage them to utilize behaviors consistent with this approach, we believe that students’ conscious and unconscious behaviors preclude learning new and different ways of negotiating, especially when the act of learning produces a defensive reaction to the loss of comfortable beliefs and habits. In this experiential learning session, we utilize an intense, video-based multiparty negotiation (first as students, then as instructors) that engages the audience in a messy, hot conflict in order to surface and discuss defensive behaviors that block learning.
Monday, 10:30am - 11:45am in B 110
Gvrnce, Ethics, Soc. Resp. & Sustainability: SUST 8 New Approaches to the interrelationship of CSR and Employee attitudes
Monique Valcour, EDHEC Business School, France Ruth Alas, Estonian Business School, Estonia Jon Briscoe, Northern Illinois University, USA Rene Carapinha, Harvard University, USA Geert Demuijnck, EDHEC Business School, France Jean Kabongo, University of South Florida, Sarasota-Manatee, USA C Lakshman, BEM Management School, France Sharon Lobel, Seattle University, USA Tay McNamara, Boston College, USA J Rajendran Pandian, Youngstown State University, USA Aarti Ramaswami, ESSEC Business School, France Marcie PItt-Catsouphes, Boston College, USA Erica L Steckler, Boston College, USA Julie A. Unite Lea Waters
The papers in this symposium represent a kaleidoscope of interrelated approaches to examining how the ethical behavior of companies interacts with the behavior of employees, and vice versa.
Facilitator: Ben L. Kedia, University of Memphis, USA
POSTCOLONIAL PERSPECTIVES ON ‘KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER’
Paul F. Donnelly, Dublin Institute of Technology, Ireland Banu Ozkazanc-Pan, UMASS Boston, USA
Relying on postcolonial frameworks, we offer new direction for the study of ‘knowledge transfer’ in MNCs in the international business literature by addressing the intersections of language, knowledge/epistemology, and culture. We suggest that extant literature in this area does not attend sufficiently to language as central in the constitution of knowledge or examine its relation to culture. By relying on postcolonial lenses, we suggest language is relevant for understanding the processes and conditions of knowledge production in MNCs, including its transfer. Our approach yields insights for understanding the challenges and failures relevant to MNC knowledge transfers under conditions of globalization.
SOFT POWER STRATEGY AND CHINA INC. IN AFRICA
Jason Z. Yin, Seton Hall University, USA Rachel Rosenstrock, Seton Hall University, USA Sofia Vaschetto, Seton Hall University, USA
This study investigates China’s business behavior in Africa from the perspective of soft power strategy. This paper focuses on how the Chinese formulated a soft power strategy to differentiate itself from the western power. This paper argues that although China’s engagement in Africa is controversial, its soft power strategy was successful in winning the trust and friendship from African countries through persuasion and attraction. The coordinated efforts played a key role to China’s peaceful rise in Africa as one of the major players.
TRANSFERRING CAPABILITIES WITHIN MNCS: A CRITICAL PERSPECTIVE
Raza A. Mir, William Paterson University, USA Ali Mir, William Paterson University, USA Rajiv K. Kashyap, William Paterson University, USA
The issue of capability transfer within and between firms has dominated much of the recent discussion in strategic management. Emerging from the literature in organizational knowledge, RBV and the newer ideas of dynamic capabilities, the ideas surrounding capability transfer generate much excitement in this field. In this paper, we subject this term to scrutiny, and contend that discussions of capability transfer mask issues of power and privilege, of exploitation and exclusion, and significantly, imperialism. We ground our theoretical framework in an ethnographic study of a single corporation. The results of our empirical research strengthen and deepen our theoretical framework.
Monday, 12:00pm - 1:15pm in B 106
Research Methods: RM 5 An Introduction to Latent Variable Models
Larry J. Williams, Wayne State University, USA
This workshop provides introductory exposure to confirmatory latent variable techniques, including confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation methods. The conceptual and statistical assumptions underlying confirmatory latent variable analysis will be covered, along with how to implement them using the software program LISREL. The advantages of latent variable models compared to traditional analytical techniques will also be covered.
Monday, 12:00pm - 1:15pm in B 107
Entrep. & Small Biz.: ENT 3 Traits and Behaviors of an entrepreneur
Facilitator: Monika Lynne Hudson, University of San Francisco, USA
ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND EXPORT INTENSITY IN SME: A PROCESS VIEW
ANABEL FERNÁNDEZ MESA, INGENIO (CSIC- Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain Joaquín Alegre, University of Valencia, Spain
Exporting firms are entrepreneurial in nature because they would benefit by proactively seeking new markets, engaging in innovative action to meet local market’s needs, and be able and willing to take risks by venturing into previously unknown markets. While prior studies have looked at the importance of entrepreneurial orientation, organizational learning or innovation in export strategy, they have overlooked the process view. Through the use of structural equation modelling in a sample of 182 SMEs, the authors demonstrate that entrepreneurial orientation is a precursor of export intensity but this relationship is mediated by organizational learning and innovation performance.
PERCEPTIONS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL SUCCESS FACTORS
Tiit Elenurm, Estonian Business School, Estonia Ruth Alas, Estonian Business School, Estonia Elizabeth Rozell, Missouri State University, USA Wesley A. Scroggins, Missouri State University, USA Ruta Kazlauskaite, ISM University of Management and Economics, Lithuania Ilona Buciuniene, ISM University of Management and Economics, Lithuania
E-WORLD survey results are used for comparing perceptions of entrepreneurship success factors in Estonia, Lithuania and USA. 115-item survey highlights differences of implicit beliefs about behaviours and characteristics of successful entrepreneurs in the USA as a country with long track record of free entrepreneurship and in two Baltic countries, where entrepreneurship development has been essential for transition from the command economy to the market economy during recent 20 years. Cultural differences and influence of the institutional context are evident in interpreting social obligations of entrepreneurs, in linking future orientation and communication, and in perception of entrepreneurial risks and challenges.
THE INFLUENCE OF COGNITIVE FACTORS ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION FROM A GENDER PERSPECTIVE
CARMEN CAMELO ORDAZ JUAN PABLO DIÁNEZ-GONZÁLEZ, University of Cádiz, SPAIN Jose Ruiz-Navarro, Universidad de Cádiz, Spain
The aim of this research is two-fold. Firstly, we set out to analyze whether there are differences in cognitive factors between men and women which can explain the lower entrepreneurial intention in women. Secondly, we are interested to know whether these cognitive differences also exist in the population of entrepreneurs in the Spanish context. The cognitive factors analyzed are entrepreneurial self-efficacy, fear of failure and opportunity recognition. We chose the premises of Social Constructionist Theory and Post-Structuralist Feminist Theory as our starting point. The GEM Project provided the samples of individuals to test the hypotheses.
Monday, 12:00pm - 1:15pm in B 108
HRM: HRM 1 Symposium: TOWARDS TEAM-ORIENTED HR PRACTICES: GLOBAL INITIATIVES TO IMPROVE HUMAN PERFORMANCE
Tom Kuypers, Maastricht University, The Netherlands Hetty van Emmerik, Maastricht University, The Netherlands Hannes Guenter, Maastricht University, The Netherlands Rendel Diederik De Jong, Utrecht University, The Netherlands Andries De Grip, Maastricht University, The Netherlands Christopher L. Shook, Auburn University, USA Tinka van Vuuren, Open University Netherlands, The Netherlands Rasmi Kokash, EMLyon Business School, France Matt Hersel, Auburn University, -country not available- Alain Fayolle, Emlyon Business School, Lyon, -country not available- Judith Semeijn, Open University, Heerlen, the Netherlands, -country not available- Hilde van Ginkel, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands, -country not available- John van Buren, Royal Netherlands Navy, the Netherlands, -country not available- Mandy van der Velde, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands, -country not available- Jan Sauermann, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden, -country not available- Inge Sieben, Tiburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands, -country not available-
To achieve the goal of more team-oriented HR practices, organizations should focus on implementing HR practices that are more oriented towards the team (e.g., team based reward, teamwork design, participation programs, feedback system, and team training), in order to improve employees’ teamwork skills and abilities that are relevant for better performance (for an overview see: Chi, Huang and Lin, 2009). By doing so, organizations may create a better fit between the learning they facilitate and the challenges that employees face. The purpose of this symposium is to stimulate critical thinking and research in (more) team-oriented HR practices.
Monday, 12:00pm - 1:15pm in B 109
Teaching: T 4 Exploring the roles of UG Teaching Assistants in collaborative learning
Randall G. Sleeth, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA Robert D. Marx, University of Massachusetts, USA Timothy Baldwin, Indiana University, USA Joan Weiner, Drexel University, USA
Undergraduate TAs can provide mentor and set examples for students and administratively support a course, even beyond the classroom. This panel will explore acquiring and developing undergraduate TAs to support different course goals and designs, including: justifying and funding undergraduate TAs, and establishing TA roles that model for students multiple objectives and approaches to influencing task performance (including Situational Leadership, Four Frames, and Job Redesign). We will explore how to use each approach to position TAs in the context of relationships with course students in order to pursue the goals for different course designs, including standard lecture-plus-discussion, classroom-as-organization, and service-learning.
Monday, 12:00pm - 1:15pm in B 110
Gvrnce, Ethics, Soc. Resp. & Sustainability: SUST 3 Board Composition and Contributions
A PROCESS MODEL OF CEO DISMISSAL – A MULTI-LEVEL BOARD CAPITAL PERSPECTIVE
Jean McGuire, Louisiana State University, USA Jana Oehmichen, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Germany Michael Wolff, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, -country not available-
We present a three stage model of CEO dismissal which differentiates: 1) the initiation stage of CEO dismissal in which board members become aware of the need to dismiss the CEO; 2) the decision stage in which the board decides that dismissal is appropriate; and 3)the enforcement stage in which the board acts to dismiss the CEO. We then formulate propositions regarding the implications of board social capital on CEO dismissal and the performance sensitivity of CEO dismissal at each stage of the process. The final section of the manuscript examines the implications of national context
BOARD MEMBERS’ CONTRIBUTION TO STRATEGY: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF BOARD INTERNAL PROCESSES
CARMEN BARROSO, UNIVERSIDAD DE SEVILLA, SPAIN Mª del Mar Villegas, University of Seville, Spain Marta Dominguez, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
Board research has mostly emphasized the static dimension related to directors’ knowledge and skills, and only limited attention has been given to the dynamic dimension of using resources in the board. This study attempts to explore what directors do on the board, to what extent the processes occurring in the board allow the sharing and integrating of the existing knowledge through the active participation of its members and examine how this affects the board’s strategic task performance.
OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE AND BOARD COMPOSITION IN A HIGH OWNERSHIP CONCENTRATION CONTEXT
ISABEL ACERO FRAILE, UNIVERSIDAD DE ZARAGOZA, SPAIN NURIA ALCALDE FRADEJAS, UNIVERSIDAD DE ZARAGOZA, -country not available-
Few articles have addressed the relationship between ownership structure and the composition of board of directors.The results of this study show that in markets where corporate ownership is highly concentrated it is necessary to broaden the scope of this analysis.It is necessary to devote special attention to the role of blockholders and it is necessary to differentiate the figure of the independents from the group of outsiders.The results of the analysis performed on a sample of Spanish listed companies confirms the existence of a negative and decreasing relationship between blockholders and independents. Managerial ownership,on other hand,is only significant for outsiders.
Monday, 2:45pm - 4:00pm in B 105
Strategy/International: BPS 3 National and Organizational Culture
DEVELOPING INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE: EXPLORING THE U.S. AND ROMANIAN PROFESSIONAL TEAMS
Alexei Matveev, City University of New York, USA Richard Milter, Johns Hopkins University, USA Dana Deselnicu Maral Muratbekova-Touron, ESCP Europe, France
Building on work on intercultural competence by Matveev and Nelson (2004) and multicultural teams by Marquardt and Horvath (2001), we extend the application of the intercultural communication competence framework to Romania, a fascinating culture in Central Europe. A comparison between the U.S. and Romanian professionals determined higher levels of intercultural competence of the U.S. group. Similarly, the U.S. group showed higher levels of intercultural competence and team performance after the international experience. This paper explains the theoretical background and provides findings on using multicultural educational experience as an assessment and development tool.
NATIONAL CULTURE AND GENERALIZED DISPOSITION TO TRUST: A MULTIPLE FRAMEWORKS ANALYSIS
Joseph T Kuvshinikov, Kent State University, USA Gail F Latta, Gannon University, USA
This study explored relationships between national culture and generalized disposition to trust. The research question considers whether trust is a culture-bound construct or a function of individual difference. Cultural differences were assessed using Hofstede’s (2001) dimensions of national culture. Trust was operationalized as four disaggregated subconstructs in McKnight, et al.’s (2002) foundations of trust model. Graduate business students in Poland, United States, and Uruguay were surveyed. A levels-of-analysis approach utilized qualitative analysis to explore relationships across country borders, and quantitative analyses to explored relationships within specific countries. Findings suggest trust may be differentially bound to national culture and individual disposition.
THE COMPETING VALUES FRAMEWORK AS PREDICTOR OF INNOVATION CLIMATE
Ruth Alas, Estonian Business School, Estonia Ülle Übius, Estonian Business School, Estonia Mary Ann Gaal, Franklin Pierce University, USA
This paper analyzes how organizational culture predicts innovation climate in Asian and Eastern European countries. The survey was conducted in Chinese, Japanese, Russian, Slovakian and Czech electric-electronic machine, retail store, and machine-building enterprises. The total num-ber of respondents was 5119. The results of linear regression analysis show that in Japan and China three organizational culture types – clan, market, and adhocracy predicted innovation cli-mate. In Slovakia and Czech Republic two organizational culture types – market and adhocracy predicted innovation climate, while in Russia only adhocracy culture type predicted innovation climate. Differences between their national cultures may explain these results.
Monday, 2:45pm - 4:00pm in B 106
Teaching: OB 6 Exploration of Work outcomes and Service Learning
BENEVOLENCE AT WORK: THREE PERSPECTIVES AND THE IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE CREATIVITY
Sen Xu, University College Dublin, Ireland Ian Walsh, University College Dublin, Ireland
This paper focuses on two questions. To answer “What is current scholarly understanding of benevolence at work?”, I review the recent literature and identify three research streams: perceived benevolence, leader benevolence and benevolent mindsets. Then I develop a conceptual framework and several propositions investigating “How does benevolence help employees get involved in work roles?” Specifically, I discuss how perceived benevolence affects radical and incremental creativity. I propose that individual trust, which provides a sense of psychological safety for the employees, mediates the positive link between perceived benevolence to employee creativity. I end by discussing implications for research and managerial practices.
EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEMPORAL ORIENTATION, TEMPORAL COMPLEXITY AND WORK OUTCOMES
Tejinder K. Billing, Rowan University, USA
Time is an integral part of human life, however, little not much has research has examined how individuals pattern time in organizational contexts. We examine the direct relationship between temporal orientation, temporal complexity at work, and outcome variables and also examine the moderating influence of one’s temporal orientation on the relationship between temporal complexity at work and work outcome variables. Results of the study show that individuals with strong temporal orientation experience higher levels of job satisfaction and job involvement and also for these individuals the negative influence of temporal complexity at work on job involvement is reduced.
INFLUENCE ON THE EXTREMES AND THE MODERATING ROLE OF POLITICAL SKILL: A MULTI-LEVEL STUDY
Ilias Kapoutsis, Athens University of Economics and Business, Greece Alexandros Papalexandris, Athens University of Economics and Business, Greece Andreas Nikolopoulos, Athens University of Economics and Business, Greece
Complexity in organizations incites managers to respond to different roles and equilibrate opposing forces. As such, they have to display the appropriate interpersonal style that calibrates behavior to different contextual demands. Drawing on a sample of 275 managers with 1909 subordinates, we use HLM to provide evidence that the dual use of hard and soft tactics relates to higher levels and less variation in subordinates’ task performance compared to their sole use. This study also builds upon previous research by demonstrating that political skill moderates the relationship between the dual use of influence tactics and subordinates' task performance.
Monday, 2:45pm - 4:00pm in B 107
Tech. & IS: TIS 2 Innovation and Technology
Facilitator: Judith Ann Sheft, NJIT, USA
ADAPTATION FOR COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: HOW SPANISH FOOTWEAR INDUSTRY TURNED AROUND IN THE CRISIS
Jason Z. Yin, Seton Hall University, USA lourdes garcia-salmones, UEM (Universidad Europea de Madrid), Spain
This paper applied Reeves and Deimler’s (2011) adaptability theoretical framework to examine the Spanish footwear industry. It intends to explore how the industry and its companies developed strategies to cultivate capabilities to adapt to the globalized unstable business environment. Following the chronicle review of the industry, this paper discussed the structural renovation of the industry from a fragmented traditional model to a new flexible and diversified model and the fostering of adaptabilities at the firm and industry levels to gain new competitive advantage.
THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGY ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE THROUGH CORPORATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP.
Rodrigo Martin-Rojas, Asistant Professor, Spain VÍCTOR JESUS GARCÍA MORALES, proffesor Unirversity Granada, spain Nuria Gonzalez-Alvarez, University of Leon, Spain Virginia Fernández-Pérez, University of Granada, Spain
The purpose of this paper is to introduce how managerial support to technology and technological skills, enable technology acquisition, technological integration and a technological infrastructure in the firm. Then, we will study how this technology influences on corporate entrepreneurship and, finally, how corporate entrepreneurship enhances organizational performance on the organization. A Structural Equation Model has been used with an outstanding sample of 201 Spanish technological firms in order to check the positive relationship between all those hypotheses. CEOs were our key informants so as to answer the structured questionnaire.
UNDERSTANDING THE INFLUENCE OF DIMENSIONS OF INNOVATIVENESS ON INNOVATION SUCCESS AND FIRM PERFORMANCE
Antonio Carmona-Lavado, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Spain Shanthi Gopalakrishnan, New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA
Empirical studies on the relationship between product innovativeness and innovation success have reached diverse conclusions. These inconsistencies could be explained by the lack of consensus on innovativeness definitions, differences in the levels of analysis and, the product focus. Using the customer value framework, we examine the relationship between three dimensions of innovativeness (radicalness, uniqueness and, newness-to-customers) and financial and non-financial dimensions of innovation success. The mediating role of innovation success on the innovativeness-firm performance relationship is also analyzed. Our empirical findings provide insights in explaining how different dimensions of innovativeness, innovation success and firm performance are related to each other.
Monday, 2:45pm - 4:00pm in B 108
Entrep. & Small Biz.: ENT 4 Collaborative Social Entreprenership
Robert D. Marx, University of Massachusetts, USA Karen P. Manz, Author and Researcher, USA Charles C. Manz, University of Massachusetts, USA
This presentation introduces the unique case of Dean's Beans, a Kosher, Organic, Fair Trade coffee company and its founder and CEO Dean Cycon. Since its beginning in 1993, the annually growing company has been paying Fair Trade prices to small acreage coffee farmers so that they might achieve better economic opportunity for themselves and their communities. We will introduce two core concepts to better understand how Dean's Beans is a successful and sustainable organization. =
Monday, 2:45pm - 4:00pm in B 109
Teaching: T 1 Technology and Special Treatments for students - Issue and Exploration
INSTRUCTORS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD STUDENTS’ DEMANDS FOR SPECIAL TREATMENT: IS IT A SMALL WORLD AFTER ALL?
Debra Ruth Comer, Hofstra University, USA Elizabeth Cooper, University of Rhode Island, USA
Our paper explores students’ demands for special treatment from their instructors. We surveyed 454 faculty representing 23 countries to determine their attitudes towards these demands. Our results indicate that regardless of the country in which they teach, instructors who are female, who teach bachelor’s students, who clarify that they will not entertain requests for special treatment, and whose institutional culture does not discourage students from expecting to receive what they want have more negative attitudes towards these requests. Suggestions for reducing students’ demands for special consideration and for helping faculty to cope with these demands are discussed.
STORING DATA IN THE CLOUD
Patricia Thomas, Framingham State University, USA
Cloud computing is rapidly becoming a popular tool in university settings. This paper examines the factors that influence students’ decision to accept cloud technology. The study builds on the Technology Acceptance Model in testing whether or not the students accepted the technology and the impact this would have on their future use of this cloud technology. Students in three information technology courses used the cloud technology tool Dropbox over the course of the semester to share files with others. The results will inform how well this technology is accepted by students.
THE IMPORTANCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL TOOLS IN THE EUROPEAN AREA OF HIGHER EDUCATION. AN APPROACH FOR THE CASE OF THE FINAL YEAR DISSERTATION AND COMPETENCE ASSESSMENT IN SPAIN
JOSU AHEDO RUIZ IGNACIO DANVILA DEL VALLE, Complutense University of Madrid, SPAIN Carlos Estévez-Mendoza, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
The new study plans indicate that students must complete their degree studies presenting a research paper in which develop the skills acquired in college. Each student receives advice from a teacher. The use of technological tools facilitates the advice provided by the teacher. These tools facilitate the collection of data for the development of empirical study. As noted, we believe that the use of technological tools improves the research and makes easier communication between teacher and student. Therefore, we have a new teaching methodology that makes essential the use of instruments not used in traditional teaching methods.
Monday, 2:45pm - 4:00pm in B 110
Gvrnce, Ethics, Soc. Resp. & Sustainability: SUST 2 Sustainability, Strategy and Performance
CSR AND DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES: THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL EXPLORATIONS
Rajiv K. Kashyap, William Paterson University, USA Raza A. Mir, William Paterson University, USA Easwar S. Iyer, University of Massachusetts, USA
Do CSR routines in firms constitute a dynamic capability? In this paper, we use this question as a starting point to launch a series of inter-related theoretical explorations. We contend that CSR routines are more likely to be hybrid capabilities, with operational and dynamic components. They exhibit their dynamic components when they are used by firms to develop social innovation strategies. Using the insights of this theoretical discussion, we develop an operational framework whereby CSR routines can lead to performance heterogeneities, by aiding value creation , by augmenting value capture, and by slowing down value erosion over time.
SUSTAINABILITY MANAGEMENT: HOW MUCH DOES INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT MATTER?
Joel Harmon, Fairleigh Dickinson University, USA Kent D. Fairfield, Fairleigh Dickinson University, USA
This study analyzed a worldwide survey of managers (N = 1,514) to compare across borders their perceptions of sustainability-related external influences, internal inhibitors, internal enabling factors, decision drivers, practices, and operating performance. Guided by an existing integrative model combining these factors, we analyze variation across geographic region, country-wide sustainability conditions, and level of economic development. We found that corporate sustainability motives, practices and benefits do vary significantly across geographic contexts. At the same time, regional and country effects on sustainability strategies tended to be smaller than those attributed to differences in organizational size and strategic scope of operations.
TOWARD AN INTEGRATED THEORY OF SUSTAINABILITY
Theo Peridis, York University, Canada Dilip Mirchandani, Rowan University, USA
The strategic management literature is combined with a cross-national and cross-cultural perspective to offer a broad conceptual framework that guides the development of a research roadmap that begins with an inductive theory building phase which is followed by an empirical testing phase. The potential benefits, of such an approach, include movement toward an integrated theory of sustainability that will provide useful insights to multiple constituents including managers and policy makers.
Monday, 4:15pm - 5:45pm in B 105
HRM: HRM 2 Human Resource Practices - Positives and Negatives
Facilitator: Sudhir K. Saha, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada
A CROSS-CULTURAL EXAMINATION OF INDIVIDUAL PREFERENCES FOR JOB AND ORGANIZATIONAL ATTRIBUTES
Melissa Woodard, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA Jane K Miller, University of Massachusetts, USA Daniel J. Miller, Central Connecticut State University, USA Kirk Silvernail, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA Mehmet Devrim Aydin, Hacettepe University, Turkey Anna Heloisa da Costa Lemos, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, -country not available- Vilmante Kumpikaite, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania Sudhir Nair, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA Paul F. Donnelly, Dublin Institute of Technology, Ireland Robert D. Marx, University of Massachusetts, USA Linda M.L. Peters, University of Massachusetts, USA Chun Guo, Sacred Heart University, USA
This study examines the horizontal and vertical dimensions of individualism and collectivism and their relationships with individuals’ preferences for four job and organizational attributes. Social adjustment values were also examined. Survey data were collected from MBA students in seven countries. Results suggest that vertical individualism predicts preferences for remuneration/opportunities for advancement, whereas horizontal individualism and collectivism are predictive of preferences for a harmonious work environment. We also found that horizontal individualism is a predictor of preferences for meaningful work, and that vertical collectivism is significantly related to preferences for prestige. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
ALL THE GLITTER IS GOLD? THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL HOSTILITY ON THE VALUE OF HPWPS AND SOCIAL CAPITAL
Javier Martínez-del-Río, Universidad de Almería, Spain Ana Pérez-Luño, Pablo de Olavide University, Spain Jose Cespedes-Lorente
Previous research has addressed the effects on performance of firm capabilities, such as High Performance Work Practices (HPWPs), and resources, such as top managers’ social capital. We posit that these relationships may be intensified under particular environmental conditions. More specifically, we propose that although high levels of environmental munificence augment the effect of social capital on performance, high levels of environmental hostility increase the strategic value of HPWPs. The results from a sample of 263 firms that merges questionnaire and secondary objective data broadly confirm this study’s propositions. The theoretical implications of these findings are discussed in detail.
EFFECTIVENESS OF COMMUNITIES OF PRACTICE
Angela Titi Amayah, SUNY Empire State College, USA
Communities of practice are said to indirectly benefit the organization by benefiting the community of practice members themselves and allowing them to better perform their job. Despite the growing number of communities of practice, there is little information about the specific performance impact of communities of practice. The purpose of this article is to investigate the relationship between participation in a community of practice and performance.
WORK-RELATED SUICIDES IN FRANCE AND IN THE UNITED STATES: AN ANALYSIS OF GOVERNMENT AGENCY REPORTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR HUMAN RESOURCES
Marie-Line Germain, University of North Carolina - WCU, USA
While employment can contribute to an individual’s personal development, research has shown that it can become a life-threatening stressor in many developed countries. In the U.S., reported occupational suicides increased by 22.2% between 1995 and 2010, becoming a leading cause of death. In France, while suicide numbers have been stable since the 1990s they have significantly increased in specific industries. This paper presents an analysis of six U.S. and three French government agency reports, uncovering the typical profile of a work-related suicide victim and the industries most affected. Recommendations for HR professionals are presented.
Monday, 4:15pm - 5:45pm in B 106
Strategy/International: BPS 2 Networks and Relationships
Facilitator: Jose C. Casillas, University of Seville, Spain
DOES THE INTERPARTNER CULTURAL DISTANCE, CONTRACT COVERAGE, AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUNIFICENCE MATTER FOR THE ADAPTATION AND PERFORMANCE OF INTERNATIONAL JOINT VENTURES?
Mustafa Colak, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
This study views various types of adjustments that international joint venture (IJV) managers make in their ventures as an important aspect of IJV performance and argues that the ability of the managers to make organizational adjustments is a function of partners’ cultural differences, contract coverage, and environmental munificence, among others.
The arguments produced five hypotheses. Analyzing these hypotheses on a sample of IJVs operating in Turkey with structural equation modeling further pointed two additional relationships. Of the total seven relationships, five were supported by the data. These findings were further explored to discover the implications for practioners and researchers.
NETWORK RESOURCES MOBILIZING CAPABILITY
CRISTOBAL CASANUEVA, UNIVERSITY OF SEVILLE, SPAIN Ángeles Gallego, University of Seville, Spain Ignacio Castro Sr., Universidad de Sevilla, España María Sancho, Universidad de Sevilla, SPAIN
Our research seeks to conceptualize the operating logic of resource mobilizing capability. Unlike other proposals in much of the literature, we suggest that alliance portfolio management is vital to distinguish between potential access and actual mobilization of the resources held by allies. An ordinary least squares regression was applied to a sample from the Top International Airlines database. The results show that actual mobilization of the destinations of the partner companies through codeshare alliances has a positive and significant influence on the performance of airlines, rather than their potential access to those same destinations.
WHEN TRUST AND TRUSTWORTHINESS ARE MISALIGNED: THE CASE OF MULTINATIONAL PARTNERSHIPS
Abdullah A Alshwer, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
This paper attempts to answer some of the questions circling around the cultural complexity and misperception of other cultures in a growing global economy. I discuses the causes of misalignment between trust and trustworthiness and its consequences on control and performance in cross-borders relationships. The moderating effect of potential partners’ cultures is believed to affect their level of perceived trustworthiness about the other partners hence the level of trust granted. I propose two possible scenarios explaining different contexts in which the misalignment could take place. Implications for scholars as well as practitioners are also proposed.
Monday, 4:15pm - 5:45pm in B 107
Entrep. & Small Biz.: ENT 1 Entrepreneurship and Networks
CORPORATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND CODIFICATION OF THE KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED IN SMES: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF RELATIONAL DIVERSITY AND STRENGTH OF THE TIES
Ana Maria Bojica, University of Granada, Spain María del Mar Fuentes-Fuentes, University of Granada, Spain MATILDE RUIZ ARROYO, UNIVERSIDAD DE GRANADA, SPAIN
This work proposes that the level of codification of acquired knowledge positively influences the corporate entrepreneurship activities of SMEs and argues that this relationship is enhanced by the relational diversity of the partner that provides the knowledge and the strength of the relationship with this partner. To test the hypotheses we conducted a survey in a random sample of 203 Spanish SMEs in the ITC sector and the results obtained confirm the hypotheses proposed. This research advances knowledge in the field of strategic entrepreneurship by showing which type of knowledge and inter-firm relationships have potential to foster corporate entrepreneurship.
ENTREPRENEURIAL COGNITIONS AND SOCIAL NETWORKS: THE MEDIATION EFFECT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ATTITUDES AND SELF-EFFICACY AMONG ACADEMICS
Virginia Fernández-Pérez, University of Granada, Spain Patricia Esther Alonso-Galicia, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico María del Mar Fuentes-Fuentes, University of Granada, Spain Lázaro Rodríguez-Ariza Sr., Universidad de Granada, Spain
From a cognitive perspective, this study analyses academics’ entrepreneurial intentions and how these intentions are affected by personal and professional social networks (including mentors, business networks and forums). In addition, we examine the mediator role of two relevant cognitive factors, entrepreneurial attitudes and self-efficacy. The hypotheses proposed were tested using regression analysis, on a sample population of 630 Spanish academics. The results obtained highlight the positive roles played by mentors, business and personal networks in promoting academics’ interest in new business ventures. Entrepreneurial attitudes play a significant mediator role. Significant differences were found regarding gender and commercially-oriented research.
THE EFFECT OF DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES AND SOCIAL CAPITAL ON ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION-INNOVATION PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP
Irene Hau Siu Chow, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Fang Liu, South China Agricultural University, China Hao Wang, South China Agricultural university, -country not available-
Entrepreneurship continues to play a vital role in creating employment and contributes significantly in accelerating growth. This study incorporates the dynamic capabilities and social capital into the entrepreneurial orientation (EO)-performance relationship. We proposed a mediating effect of dynamic capabilities and social capital on the entrepreneurial orientation -innovation performance link. This study found support for the proposed hypotheses. Results from this study broaden our knowledge on the mechanism that drive the EO-performance linkage and contribute to the growing stream of research in entrepreneurship in a transitional economy. Implications of our findings for theory, research and practices will be elaborated.
Monday, 4:15pm - 5:45pm in B 108
Org. Theory & Bhvr.: OB 7 Positive/Negative influences in the organization
Facilitator: Orlando Curtae' Richard, University of Texas at Dallas, USA
CONDONING STEREOTYPING?: HOW AWARENESS OF STEREOTYPING PREVALENCE IMPACTS EXPRESSION OF STEREOTYPES
Michelle Duguid, Washington University, USA Melissa Thomas-Hunt
Deleterious effects of stereotyping on individual and group outcomes have prompted a search for mitigating solutions. One approach has been to increase the awareness of the prevalence of stereotyping in the hopes of motivating individuals to resist natural inclinations. However, this strategy may create a norm for stereotyping, which paradoxically, undermines desired effects. This research demonstrates that messages related to the prevalence of stereotyping influence individuals' expressions of stereotypes and behaviors.
IT’S A MATTER OF TRUST: EXPLORING PATIENT AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR AND ITS IMPACT ON SERVICE QUALITY WITHIN THE HEALTH CLINICS SECTOR
Amit Gur, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Israel Shay Tzafrir, University of Haifa, Israel Christopher Zatzick, California Polytechnic State University, USA simon Dolan, ESADE Business School, Spain
The study argues that when the quality of the exchange relationship between patients and providers is based on trust, the level of aggressiveness diminishes.45 community health clinics participated in the empirical phases of the study (579 patients and 398 health care providers). Regression results confirm that patients’ trust in providers is inversely related to aggressive behavior experienced by providers, and in turn, leads to higher levels of service quality for the clinic as a whole. The ensuing discussion highlights the need for health care organizations to be more proactive in building a culture of trust between patients and providers.
THE MODERATING EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NARCISSISM AND OUTCOMES: AN APPLICATION OF TRAIT ACTIVATION THEORY
Thomas Joseph Zagenczyk Jr., Clemson University, USA Jarvis Smallfield, Clemson University, USA Kristin Scott, Clemson University, USA Bret Galloway, Clemson University, USA Russell L. Purvis
We draw upon trait activation theory and psychological contracts theory to argue that narcissism will be related to exit and neglect when employees experience negative emotions resulting from the organization's failure to fulfill its perceived obligations to them (psychological contract violation). In a sample of 262 employees from various organizations sampled at two points in time, we found that employees with high levels of narcissism and high levels of psychological contract violation tended to have higher levels of exit than did other employees. Our results suggest understanding the effects of narcissism in the workplace may require consideration of the situation.
Monday, 4:15pm - 5:45pm in B 109
Teaching: T 2 Experiential Exercises - Cultural Intelligence and Metaphors
Facilitator: William P. Ferris, Western New England University, USA
BRIDGING THE CULTURAL DIVIDE: STRATEGIES FOR MANAGEMENT EDUCATION USING CULTURAL METAPHORS
Rajnandini Pillai, California State University, San Marcos, USA Martin J. Gannon, California State University, San Marcos, USA
Managing in a global economy requires the understanding of cultural differences among nations. This workshop proposal aims to showcase a variety of approaches to teach cross cultural differences through the use of metaphors based on the book Understanding Global Cultures, 5th edition (Gannon and Pillai, 2013). The presenters will introduce the concept of metaphors to describe the major cultural characteristics of nations (e.g., The Spanish Bullfight, American Football,The Dance of Shiva) Depending on the time allotted to the session, the presenters will illustrate one or more of training approaches including film in an interactive format.
ENHANCING CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE THROUGH SERVICE LEARNING
Mousumi Bhattacharya, Fairfield University, USA Carl Scheraga
Our paper describes learning outcomes from a service learning project used in Cutural intelligence education in an undergraduate world diversity course at a Jesuit university. Based on participation by 123 students, we analyze whether the four learning outcomes of CQ education. Qualitative analyses of student reflections show that metacognitive and cognitive aspects were significantly developed after the service learning experience. Fewer instances of motivational and behavioral aspects were seen. We discuss how this method can be used in the future in classrooms and also future research implications.
Monday, 4:15pm - 5:45pm in B 110
Gvrnce, Ethics, Soc. Resp. & Sustainability: SUST 5 Ethical Decision Making and Communication
COMMUNICATING SUCCESSFULLY ACROSS CULTURES IN THE NEW EURASIA: LESSONS LEARNED FROM OAKESHOTT INSURANCE CONSULTANTS
Alexei Matveev, City University of New York, USA Elena Lvina, St. Joseph's University, USA George Vladimir Grishin, Chartererd Insurance Institute, United Kingdom
Continuous growth of multicultural business interactions creates a strong need for further understanding of cross-cultural challenges experienced by the companies in Eurasia. In this qualitative study we explored the “whats” and “hows” of successful communication through interviewing employees of a multinational insurance broking company in the British and Ukrainian offices. We identified three major themes/problems as language, different legislation, and context awareness as well as their implications for effectiveness of communication. In addition, we identified certain behavioral and demographic patterns with high predictive power in regard to the effectiveness of cross-cultural communication.
ETHICAL DECISION-MAKING AND LINEAR VS. NONLINEAR THINKING STYLE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN AMERICAN AND CHINESE MANAGERS
Yongsun Paik, Loyola Marymount University, USA Kevin Groves, Pepperdine University, USA Yongsun Paik, Loyola Marymount University, USA Judith White Dong Hong Li
This paper presents an empirical study comparing thinking style and ethical decision-making patterns of American and Chinese managers. Contrary to our expectations, Chinese managers demonstrated a significantly greater linear thinking style compared to American managers. As hypothesized, both Chinese and American managers with a balanced thinking style profile demonstrated greater ethical intent across a series of ethics vignettes. Chinese managers were also more likely to adopt a utilitarian rationale for explaining their ethical intent across the vignettes compared to their American counterparts. We conclude with a discussion of the theoretical as well as practical implications for this comparative study.
ETHICS IN FINNO-UGRIAN COUNTRIES: ETHICAL IDEALISM AND RELATIVISM
Sinikka Vanhala, Aalto University, Finland Ruth Alas, Estonian Business School, Estonia jozsef Poor, Szent istvan University, HUngary jozsef Poor, Szent istvan University, HUngary
The research question is, how ethical idealism and relativism differ in Finland, Hungary and Estonia and how age and gender are related to ethical idealism and realism. Survey data related to Ethics Position Questionnaire were collected in four countries, Finland, Estonia, Hungary, and among Hungarian minority in Slovakia. Respondents from Hungary were most idealistic, followed by respondents from Finland and Estonia. Hungarians living in Slovakia were least idealistic. Results were exactly opposite for relativism. The main finding is, that country of living has more impact on ethics than country of origin.
THE ROLE OF MORAL COMPETENCIES FOR ETHICAL DECISION-MAKING
Rafael Morales, Pablo de Olavide University, Spain Carmen Cabello-Medina, Pablo de Olavide University, Spain
In this paper we try to overcome some limitations of the current frameworks on ethical decision-making process. By incorporating some individual factors, moral competencies, we enhance our understanding about why some individuals, and not others, perform an ethical behaviour when facing a moral problem. We propose that moral competencies can be understood as moral virtues in the workplace. We discuss the universal nature of four moral competencies (prudence, justice, fortitude and temperance) and analyze their influence on the stages of the ethical decision-making process. Finally, some conclusions and managerial implications are discussed.
Tuesday, June 25
Tuesday, 10:30am - 11:30am in B 105
Research Methods: RM 1 Measurement and Development
Lisa Schurer Lambert, Georgia State University, USA
The conclusions we can legitimately draw regarding the relationships among variables in a study rest on the definitions of our variables and the construct validity of measures of those variables. This session will; first, address techniques for establishing the validity of your measures (EFA, CFA and related content), and second offer advice for what to do prior to collecting your data with a focus on learning how to develop sound measures for latent variables. A range of models, scales and analyses will be presented, but please bring your own examples for discussion.
Tuesday, 10:30am - 11:30am in B 106
Org. Theory & Bhvr.: OB 1 Symposium on Work Life Issues
Suzanne C. de Janasz, IMD, Switzerland Scott Behson, Fairleigh Dickinson University, USA Monique Valcour, EDHEC Business School, France Diana Ritchie Joy Alice Schneer, Rider University, USA
For the last 30 years, researchers have been examining work-family conflict and its impact on individuals, families and organizations and helping us understand the factors that contribute to and mitigate the conflicts experienced by those attempting to juggle multiple roles and responsibilities. In this symposium, however, we examine phenomena that are emerging and therefore mostly unstudied. The panelists are academics and practitioners whose research and consulting focuses on individuals and organizations, from countries in primarily North America and Europe. We will discuss global competitive and organizational trends that necessitate future research to address these emerging work-life challenges.
Tuesday, 10:30am - 11:30am in B 108
Entrep. & Small Biz.: IS 2 Interactive Session
GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSIFICATION AND THE US ECONOMY
C. Catherine Chiang, Elon University, USA Claudia Harris, North Carolina Central University (retired), USA
The effects of general economic conditions on the geographic diversification strategies of US-based companies are examined. Which geographic diversification strategy fares best when taken during a weak economy, a stable economy, and a strong economy? and Under which economic conditions should the expansion (divesture) take place in order to yield the best operating results? Geographic expansion during a strong economy or a weak economy (compared with a stable economy) results in higher returns in the first two years after the expansion. Economic conditions have no impact on a company’s returns when it chooses to maintain or reduce its geographic spread.
MODERATING EFFECTS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OFFSHORE OUTSOURCING AND EXPORT CAPABILITY OF FIRMS
Sergio Garcilazo Lagunes Sr., Universidad Panamericana, Mexico IGNACIO DANVILA DEL VALLE, Complutense University of Madrid, SPAIN MIGUEL SASTRE, Business School of Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
This paper analyzes the effect of offshore outsourcing on the export performance of firms, based on the theories of international business, the resource-based view of the firm and the transaction cost theory. Outsourcing can reduce production costs and increase flexibility. It can provide new resources and market knowledge. we found that offshore outsourcing increases the performance of exports. The effects are stronger in export markets in which the company also imports intermediate goods. The results also show that the size of the company, the organization of intra-firm imports and export experience moderate the effects of outsourcing in a positive way.
SMES DIVERSIFICATION THROUGH GROWTH THROUGH ACQUISITIONS
José Antonio Martínez Fernández Sr., Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Spain Jose Luis Barbero, Pablo de Olavide University, Spain
There is abundant evidence, which has contributed to enrich the contributions to the study of diversification strategies through acquisitions followed by enterprises, and its effect on business performance. However, a review of these works shows the variety of outcomes. Alongside these research studies are focused on listed companies, characterized by the over-abundance of resources. The challenges of diversification through acquisitions for SMEs, derived from the underfunding of resources have not been studied, although most of the contribution to the growth of an economy is generated by these. Our work aims to deepen through a theoretical contribution in this unexplored area.
THE ROLE OF CULTURAL ISSUES ON INTERANTIONALIZATION PROCESSES: A REVIEW OF RECENT LITERATURE
Belén González-Díaz, University of Oviedo, Spain Cristina López-Duarte, University of Oviedo, Spain Marta Vidal-Suárez
This literature review article analyzes leading management and international management journals from 2005 to 2011 in order to explore on the role of national culture and cultural distance on international management research. The paper examines top 26 academic journals providing a comprehensive picture of this particular field. It also highlights lacks in existing literature, as well as new opportunities for future research.
Tuesday, 10:30am - 11:30am in B 109
Teaching: T 3 Robert Adam: Coaching and People Skills
José Luis Ruizalba, University of Málaga, Spain
Robert is the CEO of a company. Victoria, the sales director, is a good professional who meets her objectives but has a difficult personality that sometimes brings her into conflict with her colleagues. Robert keeps his distance from her and wants everybody else to limit their contact with her to the strictly professional level, as he thinks this will be best for all concerned.
Tuesday, 10:30am - 11:30am in B 110
Gvrnce, Ethics, Soc. Resp. & Sustainability: SUST 9 Teaching Ethics across the curriculum
Kathy Lund Dean, Gustavus Adolphus College, USA Charles J. Fornaciari, Florida Gulf Coast University, USA
Ethics across the curriculum (EATC) efforts have many decision components, including what ethical models to teach, how to teach them, and now, how to measure them for accreditation purposes. We offer a different way of 'doing' EATC that moves from content to process, with more options for ethics coverage and learning outcomes measurement. We share an Embeddedness model to discuss overall EATC goals, then discuss "impact analysis" as a special form of ethics critical thinking that does not privilege any one model or ethics form. The session includes whole group and small group discussion.
Tuesday, 11:45am - 12:45pm in B 105
Research Methods: RM 4 Multilevel Analysis Using R
Bert Schreurs, Maastricht University, The Netherlands Hannes Guenter, Maastricht University, The Netherlands Hetty van Emmerik, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
Increasingly, scholars and practitioners alike collect data to answer questions that connect different levels of analysis. In the Multilevel Analysis Using R workshop we will introduce R as an innovative statistical program particularly well suited for the analysis of this kind of multilevel data. The course covers topics such as interrater reliability and agreement, and nested 2-level multilevel modeling.
Tuesday, 11:45am - 12:45pm in B 106
Org. Theory & Bhvr.: OB 2 Symposium - Issues related to Gender Backlash
Belle Rose Ragins, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, USA Roya Ayman Karen Korabik, University of Guelph, Canada Nancy Langton, University of British Columbia, Canada Ashleigh Shelby Rosette, Duke University, USA
This session will illuminate the causes and consequences of gender backlash in the workplace. Gender backlash involves the penalties incurred by women who violate gender role expectations. This backlash may take different forms depending on the target’s race, sexual orientation, parental status and social context. Accordingly, a select panel of researchers will share research findings on gender backlash against female leaders, mothers, women of color, lesbians, and female entrepreneurs in developing countries. This session will engage the audience and offer cutting-edge research agendas for the study of this pervasive and detrimental workplace phenomenon.
Tuesday, 11:45am - 12:45pm in B 107
Org. Theory & Bhvr.: OB 5 Who''s in Who''s out? Exclusion , member identification and leader distance.
Facilitator: Thomas Joseph Zagenczyk Jr., Clemson University, USA
COWORKER EXCLUSION AND EMPLOYEE OUTCOMES: AN INVESTIGATION OF THE MODERATING ROLES OF PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL AND SOCIAL SUPPORT
Kristin Scott, Clemson University, USA Thomas Joseph Zagenczyk Jr., Clemson University, USA Michaéla C. Schippers Russell L. Purvis
We integrate belongingness and social support theories to simultaneously consider the influence of work-related support (i.e., perceived organizational support; POS) and non-work-related support (i.e. family and social support; FSS) that we contend will have differential effects on the relationships between coworker exclusion and outcomes. Employees reporting high levels of coworker exclusion and high levels of POS demonstrate higher levels of performance and increased levels of organization-based self-esteem (OBSE) than do those reporting low levels of POS. FSS exacerbated the negative relationship between coworker exclusion and OBSE and the positive relationship between coworker exclusion and job-induced tension.
MANAGERS ENACTING DISTANCE: EXPLORING GOALS, BEHAVIORS AND OUTCOMES OF MANAGERIAL DISTANCE AND CLOSENESS
Moran Anisman Razin, Bar Ilan University, Israel Ronit Kark, Bar-Ilan University, Israel
Leaders’ distance from followers can have a meaningful effect on followers’ behavior and perception. We explore the notion of ‘doing distance’, which refers to leaders’ ability to shape the way they are perceived by followers as near or far. We drew from theories of leadership, distance and identity in order to develop a conceptual framework on the mechanisms that enable leaders to influence perceptions of their distance f and, ultimately, affect followers’ behaviors and organizational-related outcomes. Incidents of enacted distance were generated by 97 managers, showing that managers distance is motived by different goals and effects varying follower outcomes.
Tuesday, 11:45am - 12:45pm in B 108
Org. Theory & Bhvr.: TIS 1 Decision Making, Organizational Practices and technology
Facilitator: David L. Ford Jr., University of Texas at Dallas, USA
IDENTIFYING THE DETERMINANTS OF WORD OF MOUTH IN MOBILE COMMERCE
Sonia San-Martín, Universidad de Burgos, Spain BLANCA LOPEZ-CATALAN, Pablo de Olavide University, Spain Jana Prodanova, Universidad de Burgos, Burgos, Spain, Spain
Mobile commerce (m-commerce) in Spain is in its infancy, making it interesting to analyze which factors influence the emmited word of mouth (WOM) by individuals. This paper studies how satisfaction, perceived control, perceived entertainment and subjective norms affect the emitted WOM, proposing a causal model. Little research has thus far used wom as the ultimate dependent variable in m-commerce. With the information collected from a sample of 447 mobile phone buyers, we found that the shopping experience itself, the control over the process, the influence of the group and the satisfaction while buying,affect the shopping precept.
MIND THE GAP: THE ROLE OF THE ORGANIZATION IN COMPENSATING FOR CUSTOMER INADEQUACIES IN CO-PRODUCING SERVICE EXPERIENCES
Robert Ford, Univ. Central Florida, USA Janet McColl-Kennedy
The recognition that a service is created when a customer co-produces it has led to the recognition that the same HR problems that organizations face in hiring and training their employees in the requiseite knowledge, skills, and abilities are the same problems faced in ensuring customers also have the requisite knowledge, skills, and abilities to co-produce it. The challenge in co-producing services is that customers come to the organization with a wide variety of capabilities. Thus, organizations must compensate for gaps between customer KSAs and what KSAs are required. This paper presents strategies organizations can use for minding these gaps.
THE INFLUENCE OF EMPLOYEES THINKING STYLES IN KNOWLEDGE SHARING THROUGH COLLABORATIVE VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS
Nazifa Abd. Ghani, University Technology Malaysia, MALAYSIA Hamed Tahsildari, UTM university, Malaysia Alireza Keshvarsima Maslin Masrom, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia Mohd.Taib Bin HASHIM, International Business School, Malaysia
The purpose of this study was to examine how Sternberg’s theory about the thinking styles regarding mental self-government divided into five categories namely function, forms, levels, scopes and leanings is effective on knowledge sharing through collaborative virtual environments. 160 UTM University employees in various departments made the sampling. The results from this study indicate that four categories of Sternberg’s theory of mental self-government functions, forms, scopes, and leanings influence on the knowledge sharing through the virtual environment and functions have the most effect. However, it was found that one category named levels have no effect on the knowledge sharing.
Tuesday, 11:45am - 12:45pm in B 109
Teaching: T 5 Panel on International Business Programs
Jeanie Forray, Western New England University, USA Kathy Lund Dean, Gustavus Adolphus College, USA Jana Vodicková, International Study Programs, Czech Republic
Faculty generally agree about the importance of addressing global realities in business education. However, a lack of consensus about how to do so hampers change efforts. Our question in this session is, “What do we have to do in our institutions to make the changes necessary to meet a goal that everyone recognizes is important with respect to students’ global perspective?” We use the experiences of three individuals involved in such change efforts as a jumping off point to generate discussion and then engage participants in an exercise focused on developing useful responses to these challenges.
Tuesday, 11:45am - 12:45pm in B 110
Gvrnce, Ethics, Soc. Resp. & Sustainability: SUST 7 Capitalism, Corporations and Corporate Governance
Marguerite Schneider, New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA Alix Valenti, University of Houston-Clear Lake, USA Raza A. Mir, William Paterson University, USA
Capitalism and the capitalist firm have evolved over their existence, and most recently at a dizzying rate of change. In this symposium, we intend to develop an intellectual, critical, yet practical discussion to the future of capitalism and corporate governance in the 21st Century. Our symposium occurs within the context of lingering aspects of the “Great Recession”, including unemployment that is so high that it portends great instability and concern about the future of the current system, huge government deficits, and a sense that government is failing to address adequately social issues despite massive expenditures for public programs.
Wednesday, June 26
Wednesday, 2:30pm - 3:45pm in B 105
Org. Theory & Bhvr.: OB 4 A look at leadership style effects on employee outcomes
Facilitator: Rajnandini Pillai, California State University, San Marcos, USA
IS AGGREGATE WELL-BEING ALWAYS FUNCTIONAL FOR TEAMS? WELL-BEING DISPERSION AS A KEY VARIABLE FOR AFFECTING SERVICE QUALITY
Miriam benitez I, Huelva University, spain Riccardo Peccei Francisco J. Medina
Based on an explicitly aggregate conceptualization of both well-being and performance, the present study has two main contributions; (a) To show that both side of well-being (positive and negative) are related to service quality. In fact, findings showed that,at the unit level of analysis, job satisfaction was positively related to service quality, while emotional exhaustion was negatively related to it; (b) To demostrate that the degree of within-unit dispersion in the two well-being variables plays a moderating role of aggregate-level satisfaction/exhaustion-service quality relationships. The study sample consisted of 91 restaurant and reception work units from 42 hotels in Spain.
MANAGERS’ LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOR AND WORKPLACE INCIVILITY: EXAMINATIONS OF FOUR TYPES OF LEADERSHIP
Junghyun Lee, University of Michigan-Dearborn, USA Jaclyn Jensen
The current study investigates the effects of immediate managers’ leadership (i.e., transformational, transactional contingent reward, laissez-faire, and destructive) on the incidence of workplace incivility, as mediated by perceptions of fair interpersonal treatment. Using multi-source data collected from 239 employee-coworker dyads working in diverse organizations, we found that transformational leadership and transactional contingent reward leadership were negatively related to workplace incivility, while laissez-faire leadership and destructive leadership were positively related. The results also suggest that fairness perceptions have a significant mediating role in the relationship between the four types of leadership and workplace incivility.
SUPERVISORS ON THE COUCH? NON-DOMINANT LEADER INTERPERSONAL STYLES POSITIVELY PREDICT SUBORDINATES’ NEUTRAL AND AMBIVALENT IDENTIFICATION
Dan S Chiaburu, Texas A&M University, USA Richard Gardner, Texas A&M University, USA Jiexin Wang, Texas A&M U., USA
We found support for a positive relationship between subordinate job alienation and subordinate neutral and ambivalent supervisor identification. Two supervisor non-dominant interpersonal styles – asocial and dependent – were negative predictors of neutral and ambivalent subordinate identification with the leader (asocial interpersonal style) and of ambivalent identification (dependent interpersonal style). The negative relationship of asocial style and outcomes was accentuated for subordinates reporting high job alienation. We suggest new directions for research integrating supervisor normal (e.g., extraversion) and dysfunctional (e.g., asocial, avoidant) personality traits (Millon, 2011), attachment styles and interpersonal behaviors (Horowitz, Rosenberg, & Bartholomew, 1993) with subordinate work outcomes.
Wednesday, 2:30pm - 3:45pm in B 106
Strategy/International: BPS 6 Strategic Choice and the Environment
CLASSIFYING EMERGING MARKETS: A CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF THE TOP FORTY-FIVE ECONOMIES OF THE WORLD
Paulo Vicente Alves, Fundação Dom Cabral, Brazil Aldemir Drummond Jr., Fundação Dom Cabral, Brazil
This article classifies emerging markets by grouping them by similarity, using cluster analysis. The unit of analysis is the nation-state which are divided into three layers representing seventy, eighty and ninety percent of the world’s economy. That includes respectively fourteen, twenty-four, and forty-five countries. Five pairing of variables were used in order to make the cluster analysis using Gross domestic product in Purchasing Power parity, population, and fertility rate. The pairings were found useful in discriminating the nations in similar groups and were combined to find tables to separate the nations into smaller categories that allow for comparisons and contrasts.
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MATCHING STRATEGY IN EMERGING COUNTRY MARKETS: STRATEGIC CHOICES THAT FOLLOW THE LOGIC OF APPROPRIATENESS
Joachim A Timlon, Linneau University, Sweden
The institutional-based view is a dominant perspective in strategy and international business research on emerging economies. In this paper I discuss the MNC as an economic institution and highlight the dynamic feature of how MNCs relate to their external environments, referring to behavioral regularities or self-activating social processes. The dynamic pattern of activities that emerges in a social context for how rules and situations are matched according to the logic of appropriateness is defined as international business matching strategy.
Wednesday, 2:30pm - 3:45pm in B 107
Entrep. & Small Biz.: ENT 2 Effects of the environment on economic and entrepreneurial activity
Facilitator: D Anthony Butterfield, Univ. of Massachusetts, USA
MUSINGS ON THE FUTURE OF EAST ASIAN MANAGEMENT
Rosalie Tung, Simon Fraser University, Canada
Beginning with the Industrial Revolution in the 18th Century, the West has been upheld as the model of economic development around the world. Western (particularly US) industrial/business practices became synonymous with efficiency and were emulated worldwide. The 2008-2009 global financial crisis, with its epicenter in the US, followed by the sovereign debt crisis that continues to plague countries in the European Union, has exacerbated the gap in economic growth rates between the industrialized countries, on the one hand, and the emerging markets, particularly those of China and India, on the other. The paper will briefly identify some of the forces that have contributed to the transition from "West leads East" to "West meets East" (Chen and Miller, 2010:17) and speculate on the future of East Asian management. The paper will present the forces of change that include: (a) the widening disparity in rates of economic growth between the industrialized countries vis-à-vis emerging markets; (b) the growing competitiveness of non-Western multinationals; (c); greater awareness in Western countries to understand and perhaps learn from their Asian counterparts; and (d) increase in scientific knowledge generation in the emerging markets. The paper will then identify some of the characteristics and traits of East Asian management practices in the decades ahead.
PANNING FOR GOLD IN ABANDONED ACADEMIC MINEFIELDS: SOCIAL SUPPORT SCALE DEVELOPMENT AND CROSS-NATIONAL COMPARISONS OF MEASUREMENT INVARIANCE
David L. Ford Jr., University of Texas at Dallas, USA
This study investigated the efficacy of a shortened version of a previously-developed but underutilized scale designed to assess perceived social support and its underlying dimensionality across 10 different national contexts. Although three underlying social support dimensions were associated with the original scale, fewer dimensions emerged in the present study that could be considered structurally invariant across the different national contexts. The results are discussed with respect to the scale’s applicability in a wide array of work situations where social interaction and one’s network of contacts play a prominent role.
THE EFFECT OF FIRM VOLATILITY ON JOB CREATION
JOSE ANTONIO ZARRIAS ADAME Sr., DOCTORANDO UNIVERSIDAD DE SEVILLA, SPAIN Jose Luis Barbero, Pablo de Olavide University, Spain Jose C. Casillas, University of Seville, Spain
Our research argues that firm volatility impacts the employment generation by small firms. Firstly, we analyze the curvilinear relationship between volatility and employment. Secondly, we posit the interaction effect of firm volatility and firm size on employment growth. Finally, we consider the interaction effect of firm age and firm volatility and its influence on employment growth. The aim of our research is to offer a positive perspective on the relationship between volatility and employment. Our research is based on a sample of 2,180 Spanish firms. Results show that volatility and age exert an influence on job creation.
Wednesday, 2:30pm - 3:45pm in B 108
Research Methods: RM 2 Pilot Testing in Organizations
Lucy Gilson, University of Connecticut, USA Kevin B Lowe, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, USA Caren Goldberg, American University, USA Laura Burton
In this session we will discuss the methodological, design, and theoretical reasons to conduct a pilot study and a number of ways that pilot data can be used. Following this overview, we will detail a pilot study that we are currently conducting. Here, we will provide thick description of the approach used by our research team, what we have struggled with in developing the pilot study, and what we learned from the pilot data.
Wednesday, 2:30pm - 3:45pm in B 109
Gvrnce, Ethics, Soc. Resp. & Sustainability: IS 3 Interactive Session on Sustainability
Facilitator: Debra Ruth Comer, Hofstra University, USA
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND SUSTAINABILITY COMMITTEE INSIDE THE BOARD
IGNACIO DANVILA DEL VALLE, Complutense University of Madrid, SPAIN JOSÉ MARÍA DIEZ ESTEBAN OSCAR LÓPEZ DE FORONDA
This work examines how the existence of Sustainability Committees inside the firms with independent directors, improves the sensibility of board to adopt socially responsibly actions and to increase benefits to all stakeholders. We use firm-level data for 469 European firms from EUROSTOXX500 for the period 2010. It also provides a perspective for executives and investment managers of multinational firms to follow the recommendations of good practices in corporate governance with the target to form part of the select club of DJSI which are the top of the leading sustainability companies.
MARKET PREMIUM OR MARKET PENALTY: A CROSS-NATIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE MARKET GROWTH IMPLICATIONS OF FAMILY OWNERSHIP
Jean McGuire, Louisiana State University, USA
Abstract Using a sample of firms from over 40 countries, I examine the relationship between family ownership and market growth. I find a negative relationship between family ownership and growth in market capitalization. This relationship is not moderated by national culture or legal protections. Our findings suggest that family business may be at a disadvantage in seeking equity market growth which is not alleviated by national level legal protections.
MNC-NGO PARTNERSHIPS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: MOVING FROM PHILANTHROPIC TO HIGH-IMPACT STRATEGIC ALLIANCES
Juanita Trusty, University of Memphis, USA David Allen, University of Memphis, USA Christian J. Calderon, University of Memphis, USA
Abstract. Many multinational corporations (MNCs) in developing countries engage in partnership activities with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that are little more than donor-recipient relationships. Because such partnerships are not tied to core business strategies, they are generally unsustainable and garner limited returns to the MNC, the NGO, and the communities in which they operate. We provide a framework for the evolution of MNC-NGO alliances to more strategic partnerships which provide greater social benefit to developing country communities. These include: alliances that build global leadership competencies, alliances that reduce transaction costs, and alliances that create business models.
THE ROLE OF TRUST IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS WHEN FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS ARE NOT THE AIM: AN APPLICATION TO UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT EDUCATION
B. Luisa Delgado-Márquez, University of Granada, Spain J. Alberto Aragon-Correa, University of Granada (Spain), Spain Eulogio Cordón-Pozo Luisa Delgado-Márquez, University of Granada, Spain
A sample of 95 heads of department in 25 universities showed that their trust in the technical ability and benevolence of the stakeholders of the department positively influences the heads of departments’ willingness to integrate sustainability into management courses. Although department heads’ interest in the financial aims of their department also has a positive influence on their willingness, we found no evidence that interest in financial objectives moderates the influence of ability and benevolence. Contrary to our original expectations, the environmental proactivity of the school does not influence the head of department’s willingness to integrate sustainability into management courses.
Wednesday, 2:30pm - 3:45pm in B 109
Org. Theory & Bhvr.: IS 1 Interactive Session: JVs, Team Decision Making and Organizational Support
Facilitator: Hannes Guenter, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
BUILDING TRUST IN TOP MANAGEMENT TEAMS IN JOINT VENTURES: ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENCES
Abdullah A Alshwer, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
We investigates two independent antecedents to building trust in top management teams (TMTs) in joint ventures. First, normative differences between the industries in which parent organizations forming the joint venture. Here, we posit that differences affect the composition of the TMTs such that a heterogeneous/homogenous team will be formed and that could hinder building trust in TMTs. Second, task interdependence between team members. Here, we posit that major organizational/environmental jolts could increase the level of task reliance among team members as they respond to those challenges that can help build trust in TMTs. Two major consequences of trust are discussed.
TEAM DECISION-MAKING AND INDIVIDUAL SATISFACTION WITH THE TEAM
JOSE MANUEL DE LA TORRE-RUIZ, University of Granada, Spain Vera Ferrón Vilchez, University of Granada, Spain Natalia Ortiz-de-Mandojana, University of Balearic Islands, Spain
Literature on team members’ satisfaction has scarcely focused on analyzing satisfaction at individual level. We analyze how those factors influencing individual satisfaction with the team can be related to different temporal moments of the team decision-making process. Questionnaires were filled out by 84 undergraduate students working on 28 teams. Results show that team members’ satisfaction with the team is positively related to team members’ self-efficacy for team work and for team members’ perception of decision comprehensiveness, but negatively related to team members’ perception of team debate and the deviation between individual preference and team decision.
THE ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAIRNESS AND EMPLOYEE JOB EFFECTIVENESS IN ORGANIZATIONS IN AN AFRICAN ECONOMY
Moses Acquaah, University of North Carolina-Greensboro, USA Kwasi Amoako-Gyampah, University of North Carolina-Greensboro, USA
This study examined the mediating role of perceived organizational support in the relationship between perceived organizational fairness (procedural and interactional fairness) and employee job effectiveness using data from 276 employees in 35 organizations in Ghana. We use the bootstrap procedure suggested by Preacher and Hayes (2008) to estimate the indirect effects of procedural and interactional fairness on employee job effectiveness. The findings indicate that perceived organizational support fully mediates the relationship between (1) perceived procedural fairness and employee job effectiveness; and (2) perceived interactional fairness and employee job effectiveness. The contributions, implications, limitations and suggestions for future studies are presented.
Wednesday, 2:30pm - 3:45pm in B 110
Gvrnce, Ethics, Soc. Resp. & Sustainability: SUST 4 Alliances, ties and networking
CORPORATE COMMUNICATION, CULTURE, AND SUSTAINABILITY: ANY RELATIONSHIP?
Anne H Reilly, Loyola University Chicago, USA Katherine Hynan, Loyola University Chicago, USA
This empirical research examines the relationship between corporate communication, culture, and sustainability. Commitment to sustainability may be noted in a firm's CSR report (formal communication) and social media activity (informal communication). N = 12 global companies, from three industries (retail, technology equipment, and food/beverage/tobacco), are divided into two matched subgroups (“green” and “not green”), using Newsweek’s Greenest Companies rankings. Corporate sustainability reports, Facebook pages, and other documentation are examined, as well as board size and diversity. Results provide support for our propositions that green firms display different corporate communication patterns and organizational attributes, compared to not green firms.
THE MIXED EFFECT OF INTERLOCK TIES ON WOMEN BOARD MEMBERSHIP AND THE MODERATING ROLE OF ECONOMIC CRISIS
Livia Markoczy, University of Texas at Dallas, USA Li Sun, U. of Missouri - Kansas City, USA Jigao Zhu
We investigate the effect of the interlock ties of male and female directors from a focal firm to firms with female directors concerning the extent to which female directors are subsequently appointed to the boards of focal firms. Drawing on a sample of 14,679 firm-quarter observations from 1,554 Chinese firms between 2007 and 2009, we find that male directors’ experience with female directors via interlock ties reduces the extent that female directors are subsequently appointed by focal firms. Female director ties, however tend to increase the extent of female director subsequent appointments. We find that economic crisis moderates these relationships.
VISIONARY NETWORKS FOR RESPONSIBLE DEVELOPMENT
Elizabeth B Davis, University of New Haven, USA Federico Niccolini, University of Macerata, Italy
This paper argues that despite most scholars’ support social responsibility (CSR) and stakeholder rights are central to organizational strategy still, the companies’ socially responsible activities around the globe continue to fall short. In a globally integrated world this behavior produces a gradual weakening of social, ecological and economic systems. This weakness is particularly felt in the field of environmental sustainability where a more appropriate framework is one of Responsible Development. The authors argue that a broader, more integrated and systemic framework focused on “responsible development” networks may be a more effective and desired pathway in the field of environmental sustainability.
Wednesday, 4:00pm - 5:15pm in B 105
Org. Theory & Bhvr.: BPS 7 Competition and Industry Analysis
DISCOVERING DISTINCTIONS WITH A DIFFERENCE: A COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT APPROACH TO THE STRATEGIC IMPACT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (R&D) ACTIVITY ON FIRM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN US AND JAPANESE SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESS ENTERPRISES (SMES)
Jooh Lee Kimble Byrd, Rowan University, USA Linda Wabschall Ross, Rowan University, USA
Although widely accepted that research and development is an essential strategic factor with respect to large firm performance, the implications of this performance measure in SME’s has not been broadly addressed.
This study is designed to empirically explore the nature of the strategic impact of R&D utilizing elements of accounting-and market-based performance measures in small and medium-sized firms comparatively in the United States and Japan.
Considering all possible limitations that might exist with regard to selected samples and methods, the outcomes of this study indicate that R&D should be meaningfully considered as a key determinant of firm performance in SME's.
EXPLORING CORPORATE ECO-INNOVATION, ECO-PREMIUM AND THE INDUCEMENT FOR R&D: AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS FOR UK FIRMS
Maksim Belitski B. Luisa Delgado-Márquez, University of Granada, Spain
This paper quantifies the eco-premiums and incentives for R&D yielded from firms’ eco-innovative behaviors in the UK. We use micro-level data obtained through merged Community Innovation Survey (CIS) and Business Survey Database (BSD). We apply pioneering advanced micro-econometric techniques and control for firm- and industry specific characteristics to quantify the marginal change in the eco-premium as an additional benefit from the firm’s commitment to sustainability and eco-innovation. Moreover, we also quantify the incentives for R&D investment induced by firms’ eco-innovation. Results reveal that the effectiveness of eco-innovation has a positive influence on firms’ eco-premium and on the inducement for R&D.
INTEREST OF MANAGEMENT RESEARCHERS ON UNCERTAINTY: A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT FROM THREE DECADES OF PUBLICATIONS
Mzamo P. Mangaliso, University of Massachusetts, USA Erim Ergene, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
This study sought to determine the level of interest of management researchers on the topic of uncertainty and to get an idea about the trends of publications on the topic. A preliminary analysis conducted on 337 articles collected from four journals over 33 years showed the trend to be increasing in two of the journals. Furthermore, while US researchers had authored 80 percent of the research papers through 1999, in the latest decade the number of non-US researchers had grown to almost half of those doing research in this area. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Wednesday, 4:00pm - 5:15pm in B 106
Research Methods: RM 3 Moderation and Mediation
Lisa Schurer Lambert, Georgia State University, USA
Models involving mediation or moderation are common in management research. Despite the importance of moderation and mediation in theory development and testing, there can be considerable confusion over how to accurately test such models. In this session I propose to conduct a participative tutorial in best practices for testing moderation, mediation, and moderated mediated models. The focus will be on the practical steps for specifying and testing models using data and examples common in management. Attendees will be encouraged to ask questions throughout the session.
COMBINING FORCES: THE COLLECTIVE INFLUENCE OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL CERTIFICATION ON BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
Vera Ferrón Vilchez, University of Granada, Spain Nicole Darnall
Nowadays increasing importance is being placed on adopting quality management systems and environmental certification. While prior research has shown that these management procedures are related to business performance, some scholars have questioned whether adopting both together yield any additional benefit to business performance than adopting one on their own. We empirically assess whether facilities that adopt QMSs and certified EMSs simultaneously have better business performance than facilities that adopt either one or the other, or neither management system. We examine these relationships using a sample of 1,130 manufacturing facilities within seven OCDE countries and running bivariate probit estimation.
THE EFFECTS OF EXPLOITATIVE INNOVATIONS ON FIRMS’ PERFORMANCE AND THE MODERATING INFLUENCE OF THE SLACK RESOURCES: A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PATENTED INNOVATIONS
Dante Ignacio Leyva de la Hiz, University of Granada, SPAIN J. Alberto Aragon-Correa, University of Granada (Spain), Spain Javier Aguilera-Caracuel, Pablo de Olavide University, Spain
Whereas previous literature has mostly debated the advantages and drawbacks of exploitative and explorative innovations in the context of technology-based alliances or acquisitions, we focus on a context of non-mature environmental innovations -measured by patented environmental innovations- to propose that the exploitative choice leads to higher firm market-based performance measured by Tobin's Q. Besides, we propose that availability of resource slack negatively influences the positive relation between exploitative innovation and market performance. We employ a longitudinal analysis of 5,845 environmental patents from the 75 biggest companies of the world in the Electrical Components & Equipment industry during the period 2006-2009.
THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF GREEN PROSPECTOR FIRMS: A CONTINGENT APPROACH
Javier Aguilera-Caracuel, Pablo de Olavide University, Spain Natalia Ortiz-de-Mandojana, University of Balearic Islands, Spain Dante Ignacio Leyva de la Hiz, University of Granada, SPAIN
Firm green innovation may contribute to firms’ financial, social and environmental outcomes. However, this effect can be highly influenced by the national context. Using a a sample of 88 green prospector firms, we observe that the intensity of green innovation is positively related to firm profitability. We also show that stringent environmental regulations keep firms from taking the financial advantage of the benefits of green innovation. However, the environmental normative conditions in a country do not have any significant impact on the way firms take advantage of green innovation to increase their level of financial performance.
Wednesday, 4:00pm - 5:15pm in B 108
HRM: HRM 3 Human Capital Dimensions
Facilitator: Mousumi Bhattacharya, Fairfield University, USA
AGE STEREOTYPES IN THE WORKPLACE: MULTIDIMENSIONALITY, CROSS-CULTURAL APPLICAITONS, AND DIRECTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
Richard Posthuma, University of Texas at El Paso, USA Laura Guerrero, The University of Texas at El Paso, USA
Age stereotypes cause significant impediment to the full employment of older workers. We review review teh literataure on age stereotypes in the workplace. Bulding on prior theoretical work we offer an organizing meta-theoretical framework to guide future research in order to enable a more nuanced understanding of dimensions of age stereotypes and guide studies in many different countries and cultures. This will include a greater understanding of the multidimensional nature of workplace age stereotypes. We also show how multiple dimensions of workplace age stereotypes can be studied using one or more of 7 popular models of national culture.
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AS A PREDICTOR OF THE WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT AND ITS INCREMENTAL VALIDITY OVER SOCIAL-DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES.
Maitane Elorriaga, University of Deusto (Spain), Spain Amaia Arizkuren Leire Gartzia, UNIVERSITY OF DEUSTO, Spain
Emotional Intelligence has been recently linked to the Work-family conflict. In this study we further examined the association of this type of intelligence and the Work-family conflict attending to different dimensions of this intelligence. We collected data from a Spanish sample of 592 male and female workers from industrial and service-providing organizations. We tested the hypothesis that Emotional Intelligence as measured with a self-report ability based measure (Trait Meta-Mood Scale, TMMS) would be significantly related to the Work-family conflict. This intelligence added incremental validity to other individual differences based on social-demographic characteristics.
TALENTING: TOWARDS A NEW PROCESSUAL APPROACH TO DEAL WITH TALENT MANAGEMENT
Paulo Hayashi Jr., University of Campinas, Brazil simon Dolan, ESADE Business School, Spain
Although the necessity for attracting , retaining and motivating talent is a very old challenge for all competitive organizations, only in the last decade the theme has been getting an increased attention as a field of study. The objective of this paper is to introduce a new concept of “Talenting” in its multifaceted framework composed by 7H´s: Hiring, Health, Happiness, Hotness, Head, Heart and Hand. Very different from the traditional models of Talent Management, we are arguing that focusing on the process as proposed in our model can render a person to remain high achiever over time.
Wednesday, 4:00pm - 5:15pm in B 110
Gvrnce, Ethics, Soc. Resp. & Sustainability: SUST 6 The Issue of innovation
THE INFLUENCE OF TOP MANAGEMENT TEAM CONFLICT ON FIRM INNOVATIVENESS
Carmen Camelo-Ordaz, University of Cadiz, Spain Joaquín García-Cruz, UPO, Spain ELENA SOUSA, pABLO DE oLAVIDE uNIVERSITY, SPAIN
We investigate the relationship between task and relationship conflict within the TMT, and the firm innovativeness. We also analyze behavioural integration as a factor that contribute to an effective management of conflict within TMTs. Using a sample of 64 TMTs, we found that relationship conflict mediates the relationship between task conflict and firm innovativeness. Additionally behavioural integration moderates the mediation performed by relationship conflict between task conflict and firm innovativeness. We conclude that the potential benefits of task conflict will be masked by relationship conflict, unless task conflict is effectively managed within TMTs through mechanisms such as behavioural integration.
TOP MANAGEMENT TEAM PERSONAL VALUES THAT PROMOTE SOCIAL CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY AND INNOVATION STRATEGIES
Susana Ortega, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Spain
This paper deepens in the relation between CSR and innovation, presenting them as complementary and interrelated strategies, related to the Top Management Team personal values. Reviewing a wide range of previous studies, we propose a series of personal values that facilitate the adoption and implementation of sustainable innovation and simultaneously of CSR, as an ethic must that need to be championed and integrated within the mission of the organizations. Both strategies are conceived as instruments to improve the wellbeing of the society. This paper suggests as main line for further research, an empirical study to support the values proposed here.